The Prevalence and Clinical Phenotype of Dual Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) at a National Reference Centre

Objective To assess the prevalence of dual positive NMOSD and outline its clinical phenotype. Background Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) is an autoimmune syndrome that frequently for Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) IgG or Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoproteins (MOG) IgG. However, positivity to both rare. Design/Methods This a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary healthcare center in South Asia between August 2018 November 2021. The serum and/or CSF samples suspected cases were tested AQP4-IgG MOG-IgG using Indirect immunofluorescence test on transfected cells. Results During period, 1935 antibodies- 65 patients (3.36%; 57 females 8 males) AQP4-IgG, 217 (11.23%; 122 95 3 (0.15%; 2 1 male) showed positivity. There was strong female preponderance all three groups (87.69%, 56.22% 66.66% respectively). identified with first patient (42 years, Male) presented area postrema initially subsequently relapsed by developing right-sided numbness temporal limbs during which he positive. second (27 Female) bilateral optic neuritis (left >right) following episode seizure left-sided hemiplegia facial deviation. third (25 acute later developed post-recovery point she Management methylprednisolone ineffective patients, however, plasmapheresis periodic rituximab injections produced excellent response. Conclusions Our reports 0.15% phenotype more similar NMO rather than MOG- associated disease.